Urban buses are a key component of public transport systems in both Europe and North America; however, despite their similar operational function, they differ significantly in terms of structural design and safety solutions. These differences arise primarily from distinct regulatory frameworks, technical standards, and operational practices applicable in the two markets. The aim of this paper is to compare the structural and safety requirements of urban buses in Europe and North America. The study analyzes European regulations as well as the requirements in force in North America. Their impact on vehicle body design, structural strength, passenger space organization, and emergency evacuation solutions is discussed. Differences in approaches to passive safety, material flammability, accessibility for persons with disabilities, and external equipment of buses are also presented. The conducted analysis indicates that in Europe, solutions based on strict standardization of vehicle structure and passenger protection prevail, whereas in North America greater emphasis is placed on operational durability, configuration flexibility, and compliance with accessibility requirements. The findings confirm that differing regulatory approaches have a significant impact on urban bus design and limit the feasibility of developing fully universal vehicle platforms intended for both markets.