This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on the application of multilayer coat-ings in the combustion chambers of reciprocating internal combustion engines, highlighting their critical role in reducing structural defects and improving energy efficiency. Two-, three-, or even more complex coat-ing systems effectively limit material wear in regions subjected to the highest temperatures and pressures, preventing undesirable microcracks, corrosion, or erosion of working components. Such an innovative ap-proach to protecting engine parts leads to a significant improvement in the durability and reliability of the power unit, resulting in reduced operating costs and lower emissions. The article also compares experimental and simulation results for various types of materials used in coat-ings, such as ceramics, metal oxides, and nanostructured composites. The authors highlight the growing interest in this topic in the context of increasing fuel efficiency requirements and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of mechanisms responsible for improved heat conduction, the maintenance of thermal stability, and the coating's self-healing ability under extreme conditions. The comprehensive analysis and summary of numerous studies make this work particularly valuable for the auto-motive industry and the research and development sector.